EPIDEMIOLOGIC, PATHOGENIC AND EVOLUTIVE ASPECTS IN SHIGELLA AND SALMONELLA ENTEROCOLITIS
Abstract:
Shigella is a nonmotile, gram-negative, aerobic, bacterium. There are four species of Shigella which determine shigellosis: dysenteriae, flexneri, sonnei and boydii. Shigella infection has a global distribution. Shigella produces shiga toxin with neurotoxic, enterotoxic and cytotoxic effects. It can also produce enterotoxins, determining various clinical manifestations, from acute, non – bloody diarrhoea to bacillary dysentery. In evolution, complications, such as: seizures, arthritis or hemolytic – uremic syndrome may occur. Salmonella is a gram-negative, nonmotile, aerobic bacillus belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. There are two Salmonella species: enterica and bongori. It is one of the most important pathogens involved in bacterial acute diarrhoea in children. Salmonella can invade the enterocytes. In evolution, complications like: severe acute dehydration or extradigestive infections, such as: arthritis and meningitis may also occur.
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