INTRAUTERINE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Abstract:
Intrauterine growth in the first trimester resides in increasing the number of cells, in the second trimester, in increasing both number and size, and in the third trimester continued growth in size but with a lower rate of cell division. In the first 28 weeks, weight reaches 1.5 kilograms and only 5 g are fat. In the last trimester, quick acquisition of protein and fat leads to the duplication of weight, from 1.5 to 3 kg, 0.5 kg (~ 16.6%) being fat. The lipid accumulation of the fetus in the third trimester (primarily conditioned by the presence of nutrients and the fetal secretion of insulin), is an important determinant of birth weight. Factors involved in intrauterine growth are genetic, from the maternal environment, nutritional (maternal and placental), of growth involved in embryo-growth/subsequent tissue differentiation, endocrinal (maternal, placental, fetal). The growth controls are nutritional, endocrinal, and paracrine..
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