Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, promoting health, and prolonging life among the population as a whole. Its activities aim at providing conditions in which people can be healthy and focus on entire populations, not on individual patients or diseases (World Health Organization). Thus, public health is concerned with the total system and not only the eradication of a particular disease. The three main public health functions are: the assessment and monitoring of the health of communities and populations at risk to identify health problems and priorities; the formulation of public policies designed to solve identified local and national health problems and priorities; to assure that all populations have access to appropriate and cost-effective care, including health promotion and disease prevention services. Community care requires involvement and social responsibility, commitment and devotion to people and their health. As a conclusion, the transition from the institutional care to the community care is undoubtedly the right decision that should be taken.