The most common causes of non-bilious vomiting in infants are hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and pylorospasm. Differential diagnosis between the pathologies establishes the correct treatment. The aim of our study is to present the management of the pathologies cured in our department. The longer the duration of vomiting symptoms the higher muscle thickness was shown. Dehydration and lethargy was associated with higher muscle thickness. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications recorded in our cases. Ultrasonography is the gold standard in imaging technique but it requires an experienced radiologist. In case of negative physical examination and ultrasonography, but high suspicion of the diagnosis a fluoroscopy may be required. The correct diagnosis avoids unnecessary surgery combined with general anesthesia.